The electric power system consists of three turbo generators with a capacity of 1,700 kW each, two backup automated diesel generators with a capacity of 600 kW and two emergency diesel generators with a capacity of 200 kW. The main mode of operation of the electric power system is the operation of two turbo generators, each with its own switchboard. The third turbo generator is in the "cold" reserve mode.
In case of failure of one of the main power sources, consumers of the NPP and the installation as a whole receive electricity from the remaining turbogenerator and a backup diesel generator connected to the corresponding switchboard. In the event of a failure of the nuclear power plant and an inoperable emergency boiler, systems important for the safety of the installation, at the initial stage of the accident, are powered by turbogenerators operating at the residual steam capacity of steam generators, emergency diesel generators are started after 10 seconds, and backup diesel generators take over the load after 20 seconds. Thus, the selected structure of the power plant makes it possible to guarantee the power supply of the NPP safety systems to localize any emergency situations, even in case of failure of its individual components.
The safety objectives formed the basis for choosing a scheme for the placement of electricity sources on the ship. The main, backup, and emergency power supplies are installed in separate rooms. The backup diesel generators are spaced sideways and separated from the engine room by watertight bulkheads. Emergency diesel generators are located in the forward superstructure, above the upper deck. The location of the power plant adopted on the ship makes it possible to ensure the survivability of the electric power system even in extremely rare severe ship accidents, such as fire or flooding of the engine room, flooding of the vessel in shallow water, etc.
In addition, the requirements for strict restrictions on the functioning of safety systems during the localization of accidents were taken into account. Such limiting conditions should be the following: the functioning of all safety systems is ensured without personnel intervention within 30 minutes after the start of the emergency; the effectiveness of biological protection and radiation safety equipment is ensured by maintaining acceptable radiation levels in the serviced rooms and on the external surfaces of the vessel throughout the entire time of the accident; the functioning of each of the safety systems is ensured under any circumstances. single failures of its individual components, i.e. the principle of "single failure" must be observed.
In accordance with the above-mentioned requirement of Criterion A of the Code, the biological protection of the reactor installation of the Sevmorput light locomotive is calculated from the condition of localization of the radiation consequences of hypothetical emergencies, therefore, the calculated levels of gamma-neutron radiation in the ship's premises and on its exterior surfaces during normal operation of the installation are significantly lower than the regulated values. Already at the initial stage of the vessel's operation, according to radiation monitoring data, it can be concluded that the biological protection of the lighter's reactor plant guarantees the safety of the vessel's personnel under any operating conditions of the installation and eliminates unacceptable pollution of the environment and the transported cargo.
The increase in automation on ships of the transport fleet, the introduction of integrated management and control systems, the use of microprocessor technology requires the improvement of traditional forms of personnel training, organization of maintenance and operation of modern automated equipment. In this regard, there is a problem of purposeful training of service personnel who have the knowledge and skills to use all the possibilities of automation.
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The main mode is the operation of two turbo generators
